Exchange networks of the Early Bronze Age Gulf: The imported ceramics from Kalba 4 (United Arab Emirates)
نویسندگان
چکیده
Imported ceramics from Early Bronze Age contexts in southeast Arabia illustrate a complex multidirectional network of material and social interactions at this time. Significant socioeconomic changes that occurred the Hafit (3200–2800 B.C.) Umm an-Nar (2800–2000 periods have been linked to external demand for copper, which is argued stimulated change subsistence patterns. Similarly, disruption long-distance exchange networks by factors has cited as driving end period. Archaeological evidence region suggests shift direction Mesopotamia Indus around middle third millennium B.C. However, recent analysis Mesopotamian historical sources highlighted scale state-organised textile production export lower Gulf later The site Kalba 4 stratified sequence occupation deposits dating Iron (1300–300 B.C.). In study, typological imported used locate chronological framework discuss changing were operating. pottery indicates inhabitants exchanging goods with range polities, including southern Mesopotamia, Valley (Meluhha), Iran (Marhashi) Bahrain (Dilmun). A significant quantity Late Akkadian it became an important location trade
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1600-0471', '0905-7196']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/aae.12208